32 Bezpośrednie wstrzykiwanie rTNFα do guzów nowotworowych wątroby

W około 70% badań sekcyjnych stwierdza się obecność guzów nowotworowych w wątrobie i są to głównie guzy przerzutowe. rTNFα jest cytokiną wykazującą cytotoksyczne działanie na komórki nowotworowe i jest stosowany w terapii eksperymentalnej nowotworów.W okresie od grudnia 1993 do stycznia 1995 r. rTNFα wstrzyknięto doguzowo z powodu zmian ogniskowych w wątrobie u 18 chorych (11 kobiet, 7 mężczyzn), badaniu klinicznemu zostali poddani chorzy z rozpoznaniami: pierwotny rak wątroby – 2 chorych, rak jelita grubego – 12 chorych, rak pęcherzyka żółciowego – 1 chorych, czerniak złośliwy – 1 chory, rak sutka – 1 chory, rak trzustki – 1 chory. rTNFα wstrzykiwano bezpośrednio do ognisk nowotworowych w wątrobie pod kontrolą ultrasonograficzną, w dawce od 100 do 500 μg (śr. 300 μg).U wszystkich chorych oceniano parametry kliniczne tj. temperaturę, czynność serca, ciśnienie tętnicze oraz laboratoryjne (biochemiczne i morfologiczne z krwi obwodowej). Dodatkowo u 6 chorych a rakiem jelita grubego, którzy otrzymywali 500μg rTNFα w surowicy oceniano kinetykę zmian stężenia rTNFα. Zmiany w obrębie ognisk nowotworowych oceniano w badaniu ultrasonograficznym.W badanej grupie chorych stwierdzono, że u 1 chorego z pierwotnym rakiem wątroby nie uzyskano zmiany obrazu ognisk patologicznych pod wpływem podawania rTNFα. U pozostałych 17 chorych stwierdzono zmiany w obrębie guzów obstrzykniętych tą cytokiną o charakterze hiperechogenicznym. W okresie od kilku do 72 godzin od chwili wstrzyknięcia stwierdzono normalizację parametrów klinicznych, biochemicznych i morfologicznych krwi. Największe stężenie rTNFα w surowicy krwi obwodowej stwierdzono w 1 godzinę od chwili wstrzyknięcia rTNFα −133,96 +/−291,40 pg/ml (ta wartość przed leczeniem wynosiła 279,72+/−23,20 pg/ml). Czas przeżycia chorych od chwili doguzowego wstrzyknięcia rTNFα wynosił od4 do 43 tygodni (mediana 18,8 tygodni)

Strontium optical lattice clocks for practical realization of the metre and secondary representation of the second

We present a system of two independent strontium optical lattice standards probed with a single shared ultra-narrow laser. The absolute frequency of the clocks can be verified by the use of Er:fiber optical frequency comb with the GPS-disciplined Rb frequency standard. We report hertz-level spectroscopy of the clock line and measurements of frequency stability of the two strontium optical lattice clocks.Comment: This is an author-created, un-copyedited version of an article accepted for publication in Meas. Sci. Technol. The publisher is not responsible for any errors or omissions in this version of the manuscript or any version derived from it. The Version of Record is available online at doi:10.1088/0957-0233/26/7/07520

Line shape measurements of rubidium 5S-7S two-photon transition

We report the use of a digital lock to measure the line profile and center frequency of rubidium 5S-7S two-photon transitions with a cw laser referenced to an optical frequency comb. The narrow, two-photon transition, 5S-7S (760 nm), insensitive to first-order in a magnetic field, is a promising candidate for frequency reference

Evaluating standards of care in psoriatic arthritis of the QUANTUM project (qualitative initiative to improve outcomes): results of an accreditation project in Spain

In Spain, the QUANTUM project has been promoted to reduce variability in clinical practice and improve the care and quality of life of people with psoriatic arthritis (PsA) by accrediting PsA units throughout the Spanish national health system. To present the results of this approach which sought to ensure an optimum level of quality for patients with PsA. Descriptive analysis of the self-assessments that the PsA units have carried out assessing their degree of compliance with the quality standards established in the QUANTUM project grouped into four blocks: shortening time to diagnosis; optimizing disease management; improving multidisciplinary collaboration; and improving patient monitoring. A total of 41 PsA units were self-evaluated. They met 64.1% of the defined quality standards. Optimize disease management obtained a higher level of standards compliance (72%) and improve multidisciplinary collaboration the lesser (63.9%). Accessibility to the treatments available for PsA in all hospitals was guaranteed (100%). Appropriate diagnostic equipment is available (97.6%). Compliance with specific quality standards leads to detect actions that should be implemented: quality of life assessment (9.8%), locomotor system assessment (12.2%), physical examination data record (14.6%), periodic cardiovascular risk assessment (17.1%). The QUANTUM project results make it possible to visualise how to care for patients with PsA is being developed in Spain. Problems identified in recent multinational reports are also identified in Spain

The HITRAN2016 molecular spectroscopic database

This paper describes the contents of the 2016 edition of the HITRAN molecular spectroscopic compilation. The new edition replaces the previous HITRAN edition of 2012 and its updates during the intervening years. The HITRAN molecular absorption compilation is composed of five major components: the traditional line-by-line spectroscopic parameters required for high-resolution radiative-transfer codes, infrared absorption cross-sections for molecules not yet amenable to representation in a line-by-line form, collision-induced absorption data, aerosol indices of refraction, and general tables such as partition sums that apply globally to the data. The new HITRAN is greatly extended in terms of accuracy, spectral coverage, additional absorption phenomena, added line-shape formalisms, and validity. Moreover, molecules, isotopologues, and perturbing gases have been added that address the issues of atmospheres beyond the Earth. Of considerable note, experimental IR cross-sections for almost 300 additional molecules important in different areas of atmospheric science have been added to the database. The compilation can be accessed through www.hitran.org. Most of the HITRAN data have now been cast into an underlying relational database structure that offers many advantages over the long-standing sequential text-based structure. The new structure empowers the user in many ways. It enables the incorporation of an extended set of fundamental parameters per transition, sophisticated line-shape formalisms, easy user-defined output formats, and very convenient searching, filtering, and plotting of data. A powerful application programming interface making use of structured query language (SQL) features for higher-level applications of HITRAN is also provided

The HITRAN2020 Molecular Spectroscopic Database

The HITRAN database is a compilation of molecular spectroscopic parameters. It was established in the early 1970s and is used by various computer codes to predict and simulate the transmission and emission of light in gaseous media (with an emphasis on terrestrial and planetary atmospheres). The HITRAN compilation is composed of five major components: the line-by-line spectroscopic parameters required for high-resolution radiative-transfer codes, experimental infrared absorption cross-sections (for molecules where it is not yet feasible for representation in a line-by-line form), collision-induced absorption data, aerosol indices of refraction, and general tables (including partition sums) that apply globally to the data. This paper describes the contents of the 2020 quadrennial edition of HITRAN. The HITRAN2020 edition takes advantage of recent experimental and theoretical data that were meticulously validated, in particular, against laboratory and atmospheric spectra. The new edition replaces the previous HITRAN edition of 2016 (including its updates during the intervening years). All five components of HITRAN have undergone major updates. In particular, the extent of the updates in the HITRAN2020 edition range from updating a few lines of specific molecules to complete replacements of the lists, and also the introduction of additional isotopologues and new (to HITRAN) molecules: SO, CH3F, GeH4, CS2, CH3I and NF3. Many new vibrational bands were added, extending the spectral coverage and completeness of the line lists. Also, the accuracy of the parameters for major atmospheric absorbers has been increased substantially, often featuring sub-percent uncertainties. Broadening parameters associated with the ambient pressure of water vapor were introduced to HITRAN for the first time and are now available for several molecules. The HITRAN2020 edition continues to take advantage of the relational structure and efficient interface available at www.hitran.org and the HITRAN Application Programming Interface (HAPI). The functionality of both tools has been extended for the new edition

The HITRAN2020 molecular spectroscopic database

The HITRAN database is a compilation of molecular spectroscopic parameters. It was established in the early 1970s and is used by various computer codes to predict and simulate the transmission and emission of light in gaseous media (with an emphasis on terrestrial and planetary atmospheres). The HITRAN compilation is composed of five major components: the line-by-line spectroscopic parameters required for high-resolution radiative-transfer codes, experimental infrared absorption cross-sections (for molecules where it is not yet feasible for representation in a line-by-line form), collision-induced absorption data, aerosol indices of refraction, and general tables (including partition sums) that apply globally to the data. This paper describes the contents of the 2020 quadrennial edition of HITRAN. The HITRAN2020 edition takes advantage of recent experimental and theoretical data that were meticulously validated, in particular, against laboratory and atmospheric spectra. The new edition replaces the previous HITRAN edition of 2016 (including its updates during the intervening years). All five components of HITRAN have undergone major updates. In particular, the extent of the updates in the HITRAN2020 edition range from updating a few lines of specific molecules to complete replacements of the lists, and also the introduction of additional isotopologues and new (to HITRAN) molecules: SO, CH3F, GeH4, CS2, CH3I and NF3. Many new vibrational bands were added, extending the spectral coverage and completeness of the line lists. Also, the accuracy of the parameters for major atmospheric absorbers has been increased substantially, often featuring sub-percent uncertainties. Broadening parameters associated with the ambient pressure of water vapor were introduced to HITRAN for the first time and are now available for several molecules. The HITRAN2020 edition continues to take advantage of the relational structure and efficient interface available at www.hitran.org and the HITRAN Application Programming Interface (HAPI). The functionality of both tools has been extended for the new edition

Ab initio line-shape parameters for speed-dependent hard-collision profiles Applications to rovibrational lines of H2, D2, HD in He or H2

International audienceWe review our recent studies on the spectral line shapes of H2, including its isotopologues, self-perturbed or perturbed by helium. Line shape parameters are derived following the generalized Hess method and making use of the close-coupling formalism. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd